Horological instrument



E. R. DEERING HOROLOGLCAL INSTRUMENT Flled Apr1l 2 1920 Sept. 11,1923.

ATTORNEY g 5(- WITNES Patented Sept. 11, 1923.

UNITED STA ED'lVIUNlD R. immune,

HoRoLoeIoAt.

pplication ned a rii 2,]

Be it known that I. ED UND R. Dnniu1ve, a citizen of Poland, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in I-lorological Instruments, of which the following is a specification, M

This invention relates to horological instruments and particularly to watches and clocks and has for its primary object the provision of an improved mechanism and sysa tem for utilizing an ordinary or customary twelve hour dial and for sochanging and. improving the movement of a clock or watch whereby the hour hand will be made to describe one complete circle in a twenty-tour hour astronomical day, thus converting said customary twelve hour dial into a twenty- .tour hour dial eliminating the necessity of A. M. andl M. readings and removing the causes tor-contusion, unnecessary calculating and loss of valuable time and labor while providing a means whereby a time system of great value is provided and adapted for use by railroads, carriers generally, various modes and ways of conveying messages and intelligence; a system which will be of much benefit to astronomers and professors and one wherein comparisons between eastern. western, and central time can be quickly and conveniently ascertained. I

Another object of the invention is to provide an instrument of this character in which a customary clock or watch movement can be utilized without necessitating great changes in the construction thereof, those changes which are necessary however, being such that the instrument will be accurate and positive of operation to cause the hour hand to make a complete circle around the dial in the said twenty-four hours.

In the drawings Figure l is a front elevation of a clock constructed in accordance with my invention.

Figure 2 is a similar view with parts broken away.

Figure 3 is a vertical section through the balance wheel.

In carrying the invention into practice, use is made oil the usual or customary twelve hour dial 5, the same incorporated with a clock mechanism designated generally at 6. This mechanism, except for slight changes TES'IPATENT" OFFIC or NEW YORK, N/Y.

INSTRUMENT.

1920; Serial n5. 370,707.

suitable well. known construction and the the construction therbifciii be of any same is shown to include. the customary arbor 7 with which, the hourand m nute hands 8 and? are operativel y connectedl Under the present construction ofclocks watches or similarhorological instruments,

thelhour hand travels 'aroundthe dial twice in every twentyafour hours which necessl tates A. M. and PJM. readings, at Satire presenting many complications in an effort to accurately compute time. In the system and arrangement brought about through the use of my invention, one day is represented by twelve hours, one hour by thirty minutes, one minute by sixty seconds,--the seconds dial having 120 graduations.

. I have designed a way and means for satisfactorily eliminating the use of the dis tinguishing A. M. and P; M. markings and the usual confusion and unnecessary calculating incident to the use of prior time pieces and have made it possible whereby substantially an ordinary clock orwatch mechanism and an ordinary twelve hour dial may be satisfactorily employed with a view of entirely eliminating A. M. and P. M. indications. I accomplish the end in view by accurately reducing the speedof a clock or watch movement so that the hour hand will make a eompletecircle of the dial, once in twenty-four hours. In the present embodi ment the escapement mechanism 10 is controlled through a weighted oscillating balance wheel 11 which includes a regulating arm 12 connected in the usual manner with the spring 13, the latter being secured at one of its ends to the shaft 14 otthe balance wheel and at its other end to a fixed post 15 on the frame 16 of the mechanism. The wheel. 11 may be weighted. in any obvious manner. For instance the rim of the wheel may be sufliciently heavy, or the rim can be provided with suitably distributed weights.

In either instance, calculations are made so that the weighted balance wheel 11 will cause an accurate reduction in the speed of m0vement of the instrumentalities of the clock or watch mechanism and to thereby affect the operation of the hour hand arbor in such a reducin the speed of the movement and it should fie understood that any means that may be included in the movement and which. will satisfactorily operate to accomplish the end in View, can be substitued for the weighted balance wheel 11, herein suggested. The means herein shown and described reduces the speed of the present clock movement to just one-half of the former'speed so that the hour hand passes each number on the dial once instead of twice. The arrangement is such that each hour of the present twelve hour dial will be readable as two hours.

What is claimed as new is 1. A horological instrument including a twelve hour dial, hour and minute hands cooperating with said dial and a movement for actuating said hands and including means for causing the hour hand to circle the dial once I 1n an astronomlcal day of twenty-four hours and for causing the minute hand to circle the dial twelve times in an astronomical day of twenty-four hours.

2. A horological instrument comprising the combination with a twelve hour dial, hour and minute hands cooperating with said dial, and the ordinary movement for causing said hour hand to traverse said dial twice and said minute hand twenty-four times in each astronomical. day, 01 means for modifying the effect of said movement so as to cause said hour hand to traverse said dial EDMUND R. DEER-ING. 

